This regulation entered into force on 7 February 2022. However, the Regulation included a six-month transitional period to allow food businesses time to phase out the use of this food additive and to reformulate their products using suitable alternatives. This period will end on 7 August 2022.

According to the feedback of the manufacturers, the new mainstream factory has risen, and the overall transaction center of the market has moved up. On the demand side, the terminal is currently considering stocking up in autumn, and the actual transaction willingness is enhanced; From the supply side, some mainstream manufacturers have increased the load, and the actual output of the industry has increased. Some plastics and papermaking related downstream feedback some of the tight models are more expensive. Recent titanium dioxide raw material price trend is strong, titanium dioxide price upward support also increased, comprehensive market factors, the current price of titanium dioxide rose again.

It is opaque and glossy, and provides bright whiteness with blue undertones.

For a review published in 2023 in the journal Environmental Pollution, researchers examined E171 as a possible factor promoting obesity-related metabolic disorders. Because gut microbiota play an important role in immune function maintenance and development, and because titanium dioxide as a food additive has been shown to alter gut microbiota, researchers wanted to review “the dysregulations along the gut microbiota-immune system axis after oral TiO2 exposure compared to those reported in obese or diabetic patients, and to highlight potential mechanisms by which foodborne TiO2 nanoparticles may increase the susceptibility to develop obesity-related metabolic disorders.” The study authors discovered recurrent changes in the gut microbiota composition when exposed to titanium dioxide nanoparticles, with an imbalance of intestinal symbiotic microbiota. These changes and imbalances were also reported and played a role in the development of obesity, the authors wrote. This highlights “foodborne TiO2 nanoparticles as an endocrine disruptor-like chemical promoting obesity-related disorders,” the authors concluded.

Fig. 3. Cell survival measured on samples of MSSA with bare and functionalized P25TiO₂NPs after 6 h of irradiation. A: P25TiO₂NPs, B:vitaminB2@P25TiO₂NPs, C: vitaminC@P25TiO₂NPs in concentrations of 0.2 μg/mL (red) and 0.2 mg/mL (blue). p <0.05.

Total Zinc (as ZnS)

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The EU expert panel did not identify an immediate health concern linked to TiO₂ when used as a food additive. However, due mainly to uncertainties concerning the safety of TiO₂ nanoparticles, the panel concluded that TiO₂ as a food additive (E171) could no longer be considered safe.